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・ The Burning Horizon at the End of Dawn
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・ The Burning Man (The Twilight Zone)
・ The Burning Moon
・ The Burning Mountain
・ The Burning of the Abominable House
・ The Burning of the Houses of Lords and Commons
・ The Burning of the Red Lotus Temple
・ The Burning of the School
・ The Burning Plain
・ The Burning Prince
・ The Burning Question
・ The Burning Question (TV series)
The Burning Raid
・ The Burning Red
・ The Burning Room
・ The Burning Season
・ The Burning Season (1993 film)
・ The Burning Season (1994 film)
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・ The Burning Season (album)
・ The Burning Season (EP)
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・ The Burning Shore
・ The Burning Soil
・ The Burning Spear Experience
・ The Burning Spear Newspaper
・ The Burning Sphere


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The Burning Raid : ウィキペディア英語版
The Burning Raid

The Burning Raid was a Union military raid conducted in the Loudoun Valley of Loudoun and Fauquier counties in Virginia in November and December 1864 during the American Civil War. It was aimed at destroying the forage on which Confederate partisans operating in the area, specifically Mosby's Rangers, subsisted as well as at breaking the will of the citizens of the area for supporting the partisans.
==Planning of the raid==

During the Valley Campaigns of 1864, while General Philip Sheridan drove up the Shenandoah Valley he faced a significant threat to his rear and supply lines from Mosby's Rangers based east of the Blue Ridge in Loudoun and Fauquier. Subsequently he was forced to dedicate a significant resources to protecting his rear. Furthermore, Mosby and other partisans in Loudoun routinely raided Union garrisons in Fairfax County and along the Potomac River in Maryland.
In order to limit this threat, General Grant wrote to Sheridan on August 16th suggesting

If you can possibly spare a division of Cavalry, send them through Loudoun County and destroy and carry off all the crops, animals, negroes and all men under fifty years of age capable of bearing arms. In this way you will get many if Mosby's men. All male citizens under fifty can be fairly held as prisoners of war, and not as citizen prisoners. If not already soldiers, they will be made so the moment the rebel army gets hold of them.

At the time, Sheridan was still battling Jubal Early for control of the valley and could not spare a large force for the task. On the 20th he dispatched 650 troopers of the 8th Illinois Cavalry into Loudoun to "break up and exterminate any bands or parties of Mosby's (V. ) White's, or other guerrillas which may be met", but the troopers were unable to find and capture the elusive partisans.
The failure of Sheridan to deal with Mosby did not go unnoticed by Grant, who wrote him again on November 9th insisting

There is no doubt about the necessity of clearing out that country so it will not support Mosby's gang . . . So long as the war lasts they must be prevented from raising another crop.

Though Sheridan had by then defeated Early's army in late October at the Battle of Cedar Creek, he feared such action might agitate anti-war advocates and negatively impact the reelection of Abraham Lincoln. In late November, with Lincoln's reelection assured, Sheridan decided he could finally safely conduct operations against Mosby. On the 26th he wrote Union Chief of Staff Henry Halleck, likening his plans for Loudoun to The Burning of the Valley he was then conducting

Now there is going to be an intense hatred of () in that portion of the Valley which is nearly desert. I will soon commence on Loudoun County, and let them know there is a God in Israel.

The following day he ordered Major General Wesley Merritt and his 1st Cavalry Division to Loudoun

You are hereby directed to proceed, tomorrow morning at 7 o'clock, with two brigades of your division now in camp, to the east side of the Blue Ridge, via Ashby's Gap, and operate against the guerrillas in the district of country bounded on the south by the line of the Manassas Gap Railroad, as far east as White Plains; on the east by the Bull Run Range; on the west by the Shenandoah River; and on the north by the Potomac. . . To clear the country of these parties that are bringing destruction upon the innocent as well as guilty supporters by their cowardly acts you will consume and destroy all forage and subsistence, burn all barns and mills and their contents and drive off all livestock in the region, the boundaries of which are described above. This order must be literally executed, bearing in mind, however that no dwellings are to be burned and that no personal violence be offered the citizens . . .


抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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